DevEco Testing: Official Automation Testing Tool for HarmonyOS Applications

# DevEco Testing: Official Automation Testing Tool for HarmonyOS Applications

> These notes provide a high-level overview and may contain inaccuracies. For detailed information, please refer to the official documentation.

## 1. Test Framework Architecture

DevEco Testing is built on the JUnit5 extension mechanism and adopts a layered testing strategy:

1. Unit Testing Layer: Covers business logic components (Service/Manager)

2. Component Testing Layer: Validates Ability/Extension functionalities

3. System Testing Layer: Verifies multi-device collaborative scenarios

Core capabilities include:

* ArkTS Test Engine: Supports asynchronous task validation

* Device Shadow Mode: Simulates multi-device collaborative environments

* Data Sandbox: Isolates test data from production environments

## 2. Unit Testing Implementation

### 1. Test Case Specifications

“`
typescript
“`

“`
// Example: Asynchronous Task Validation
@Test
async function testAsyncTask() {
const result = await DataService.fetchData();
assertEquals(result.code, 200);
assertTrue(Array.isArray(result.data));
}
“`

### 2. Mock Service Configuration

Dependency isolation using @Mock annotations:

“`
typescript
“`

“`
// Mock network service
@Mock
class NetworkService {
@InjectMock
async fetchData(): Promise {
return { code: 200, data: mockData };
}
}
“`

### 3. Test Coverage

Line-level coverage reporting:

“`
markdown
“`

“`
————————-
Test Coverage Report
————————-
Module | Line Coverage | Branch Coverage
———————————————–
CoreService | 82% | 75%
UIComponent | 91% | 88%
NetworkModule | 67% | 63%
“`

## 3. UI Automation Testing

### 1. Component Localization Strategies

| Strategy | Use Case | Example Code |
| :———- | :———————– | :——————————————– |
| resource-id | Stable element ID | component.findComponentById(‘btn_submit’) |
| text | Dynamic content matching | component.findComponentsByText(‘Submit’) |
| xpath | Complex hierarchy | component.findByXPath(‘//[@text=”Confirm”]’) |

### 2. Gesture Simulation

“`
typescript
“`

“`
// Swipe Operation Example
test(‘Swipe Test’, async () => {
await gesture.swipe({
startX: 500,
startY: 1500,
endX: 500,
endY: 500,
duration: 800
});
await expect(component).toHaveText(‘New Content’);
});
“`

### 3. Exception Scenarios

Network fluctuation simulation: device.simulateNetwork(‘3G’)

* Memory pressure testing: device.fillMemory(80%)

* Low battery testing: device.setBatteryLevel(15%)

## 4. CI/CD Integration

### 1. Pipeline Configuration

“`
yaml
“`

“`
# devops-ci.yaml
stages:
– name: unit-test
script:
– npm run build
– npm run test:unit — –coverage

  - name: ui-test
    device:
      type: emulator
      config: phone_2k
    script:
      - npm run test:ui -- --headless

“`

### 2. Test Reporting

Output formats:

“`
bash
“`

“`
test-results/
├── junit.xml # CI system integration
└── report.html # Visual analysis report
“`

##

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